






from __future__ import annotations

__UpperCAmelCase      =				"Alexander Joslin"





def 						A_					(						lowercase_			)				->int:







 """simple docstring"""

 if number <= 0:
  SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE				    =		f'''n must be greater than 0. Got n = {number}'''
  raise ValueError(lowercase_			)

 SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE				    =		[number + 1] * (number + 1)

 # starting position
 SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE				    =		0
 for i in range(1	,  lowercase_			):
  SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE				    =		min(table[i + 1]	,  table[i] + 1			)
  # check if out of bounds
  if i * 2 <= number:
   SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE				    =		min(table[i * 2]	,  table[i] + 1			)
  # check if out of bounds
  if i * 3 <= number:
   SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE				    =		min(table[i * 3]	,  table[i] + 1			)
 return table[number]


if __name__ == "__main__":
      import doctest

      doctest.testmod()







import functools
from math import sqrt
from time import time



def  snake_case_(_UpperCamelCase					,			*_UpperCamelCase					,			**_UpperCamelCase	)				->      str:



  """simple docstring"""






  _snake_case		=				time()
  _snake_case		=				func(*_UpperCamelCase					,			**_UpperCamelCase	)
  _snake_case		=				time()
  if int(end - start	) > 0:
    print(F"""{func.__name__} runtime: {(end - start):0.4f} s"""	)
  else:
    print(F"""{func.__name__} runtime: {(end - start) * 1_000:0.4f} ms"""	)
  return output



def  snake_case_(_UpperCamelCase	)				->      list[int]:



  """simple docstring"""






  if n < 0:
    raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
  if n == 0:
    return [0]
  _snake_case		=				[0, 1]
  for _ in range(n - 1	):
    fib.append(fib[-1] + fib[-2]	)
  return fib



def  snake_case_(_UpperCamelCase	)				->      list[int]:



  """simple docstring"""






  def fib_recursive_term(_UpperCamelCase	) -> int:
    if i < 0:
      raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
    if i < 2:
      return i
    return fib_recursive_term(i - 1	) + fib_recursive_term(i - 2	)

  if n < 0:
    raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
  return [fib_recursive_term(_UpperCamelCase	) for i in range(n + 1	)]



def  snake_case_(_UpperCamelCase	)				->      list[int]:



  """simple docstring"""






  @functools.cache
  def fib_recursive_term(_UpperCamelCase	) -> int:
    if i < 0:
      raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
    if i < 2:
      return i
    return fib_recursive_term(i - 1	) + fib_recursive_term(i - 2	)

  if n < 0:
    raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
  return [fib_recursive_term(_UpperCamelCase	) for i in range(n + 1	)]



def  snake_case_(_UpperCamelCase	)				->      list[int]:



  """simple docstring"""






  if n < 0:
    raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
  # Cache must be outside recursuive function
  # other it will reset every time it calls itself.
  _snake_case		=				{0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 1}  # Prefilled cache

  def rec_fn_memoized(_UpperCamelCase	) -> int:
    if num in cache:
      return cache[num]

    _snake_case		=				rec_fn_memoized(num - 1	) + rec_fn_memoized(num - 2	)
    _snake_case		=				value
    return value

  return [rec_fn_memoized(_UpperCamelCase	) for i in range(n + 1	)]



def  snake_case_(_UpperCamelCase	)				->      list[int]:



  """simple docstring"""






  if n < 0:
    raise Exception('''n is negative'''	)
  if n >= 1_475:
    raise Exception('''n is too large'''	)
  _snake_case		=				sqrt(5	)
  _snake_case		=				(1 + sqrt_a) / 2
  return [round(phi**i / sqrt_a	) for i in range(n + 1	)]


if __name__ == "__main__":
 __A     						=      30
 time_func(fib_iterative, num)
 time_func(fib_recursive, num)  # Around 3s runtime
 time_func(fib_recursive_cached, num)  # Around 0ms runtime
 time_func(fib_memoization, num)
 time_func(fib_binet, num)

