
def  A			(   lowercase					)  ->    int:
		'''simple docstring'''

		barcode //= 10  # exclude the last digit
		UpperCamelCase            =	False
		UpperCamelCase            =	0

		# extract and check each digit
		while barcode != 0:
				UpperCamelCase            =	1 if checker else 3
				s += mult * (barcode % 10)
				barcode //= 10
				UpperCamelCase            =	not checker

		return (10 - (s % 10)) % 10


def  A			(   lowercase					)  ->    bool:
		'''simple docstring'''

		return len(str(lowercase					)					) == 13 and get_check_digit(lowercase					) == barcode % 10


def  A			(   lowercase					)  ->    int:
		'''simple docstring'''

		if str(lowercase					).isalpha():
				UpperCamelCase            =	f'''Barcode \'{barcode}\' has alphabetic characters.'''
				raise ValueError(lowercase					)
		elif int(lowercase					) < 0:
				raise ValueError('The entered barcode has a negative value. Try again.'					)
		else:
				return int(lowercase					)


if __name__ == "__main__":
					import doctest

					doctest.testmod()
					_UpperCAmelCase   :					List[str]    =			get_barcode(input("Barcode: ").strip())

					if is_valid(barcode):
										print(F'''\'{barcode}\' is a valid barcode.''')
					else:
										print(F'''\'{barcode}\' is NOT a valid barcode.''')


def  A			(   lowercase					)  ->    str:
		'''simple docstring'''

		if not isinstance(lowercase       ,			lowercase					):
				UpperCamelCase            =	(
				    'operation can not be conducted on a object of type '
				    f'''{type(lowercase					).__name__}'''
				)
				raise TypeError(lowercase					)
		UpperCamelCase            =	''
		for _ in range(0       ,			32					):
				bit_string += str(number % 2					)
				UpperCamelCase            =	number >> 1
		return bit_string


def  A			(   lowercase					)  ->    str:
		'''simple docstring'''

		if number < 0:
				raise ValueError('the value of input must be positive'					)
		elif isinstance(lowercase       ,			lowercase					):
				raise TypeError('Input value must be a \'int\' type'					)
		elif isinstance(lowercase       ,			lowercase					):
				raise TypeError('\'<\' not supported between instances of \'str\' and \'int\''					)
		UpperCamelCase            =	0
		# iterator over [1 to 32],since we are dealing with 32 bit integer
		for _ in range(1       ,			33					):
				# left shift the bits by unity
				UpperCamelCase            =	result << 1
				# get the end bit
				UpperCamelCase            =	number % 2
				# right shift the bits by unity
				UpperCamelCase            =	number >> 1
				# add that bit to our ans
				UpperCamelCase            =	result | end_bit
		return get_reverse_bit_string(lowercase					)


if __name__ == "__main__":
					import doctest

					doctest.testmod()
